Final answer:
The Social constructionist theory posits that the self is shaped by our interactions within social, cultural, and political contexts, heavily influenced by the works of Charles Cooley and George Herbert Mead.
Step-by-step explanation:
The theory that argues the self is formed through our interactions with others in relationship to social, cultural, and political contexts is Social constructionist theory. The concept was significantly developed by Charles Cooley and George Herbert Mead, with Cooley coining the term the looking glass self, and Mead's exploration of how individuals view themselves through the interactions with others as a part of socialization. This theory is premised on the notion that our self-identity and perceptions are not inherent but constructed through social interactions and the expectations of those around us.