Final answer:
If the bus schedule is accurate and a clock shows the correct time consistently, the bus will arrive at 2:00 pm. However, if the bus's schedule or the clock are unreliable, it's a matter of luck, similar to the man looking at a stopped clock and believing it's the right time. The concept of frames of reference demonstrates that motion is relative based on the observer's perspective.
Step-by-step explanation:
The scenario presented involves understanding concepts of time, reliability of information, frames of reference, and motion. The assertion that 'The bus will arrive at the bus stop now' is based on two factual statements: 'The bus arrives at the stop at 2:00pm', and 'It is 2:00pm now'. If these statements are accurate and the bus schedule is reliable, then answer (a) 'The bus will arrive at the stop at 2:00 pm' would be correct.
However, as in the example provided about a man and a stopped clock, if the bus's arrival is based on an unreliable schedule or if the clock showing 2:00pm is not working, it could merely be a coincidence and thus not a source of true knowledge. Furthermore, discussing frames of reference, in one frame, an object (like a car driving toward the east) can be in motion, while in another frame, like the friend at the bus stop, the car can be considered at rest. This illustrates how motion is relative depending on the observer's frame of reference.