Final answer:
The activities described relate to Cognitive requirements, essential in Medicine and Engineering, focusing on the application of scientific and mathematical knowledge, critical thinking, and informed decision-making.
Step-by-step explanation:
Based on the mentioned skills, such as using past experience to inform decision making, performing arithmetic skills to safely administer medication, and the ability to make sense of complex information, we can infer that these activities are related to Cognitive requirements. These requirements are critical in fields such as Medicine or Engineering, where professionals need to apply knowledge of science and mathematics, design systems, and conduct experiments. Students are often exposed to these cognitive challenges during their education, where they learn to use models to analyze situations quantitatively and qualitatively, apply critical thinking, and make decisions that adhere to various constraints and ethical considerations.