Final answer:
The OSH Act that formed OSHA is from 1970, with OSHA being officially formed in 1971. Its mission is to ensure safe working conditions by setting and enforcing safety standards. OSHA's authority also includes issuing standards that can be repealed, as seen with the ergonomics standard in 2001.
Step-by-step explanation:
The OSH Act of 1970 formed the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), which President Richard M. Nixon signed into law on December 29, 1970. OSHA was officially established on April 28, 1971, making option B the correct answer. The organization's mission is to "assure safe and healthful working conditions for working men and women by setting and enforcing standards and by providing training, outreach, education, and assistance." OSHA plays a critical role in protecting workers from physical harm in the workplace by enforcing standards and regulations, including whistleblower statutes.
One significant instance in OSHA's history is the ergonomics standard issued in 2000, which was later repealed in March 2001 through the Congressional Review Act. This act showcased the regulatory enforcement responsibilities of OSHA, emphasizing the agency's authority in setting and maintaining workplace safety standards.