Final answer:
The problem occurring in this situation is adverse impact, which is a form of discrimination where a protected group experiences a lower selection rate than a comparison group. The correct option is b.
Step-by-step explanation:
The problem occurring in this situation is a) Adverse impact. Adverse impact, also known as disparate impact, refers to a situation where a protected group experiences a lower selection rate than a comparison group. In this case, the protected group identified in human rights legislation is being disproportionately affected by the selection process.
Adverse impact is a form of discrimination that can occur unintentionally, without overt discriminatory intentions. It is a violation of anti-discrimination laws, as it results in unequal treatment based on protected characteristics such as race, gender, or religion.
It is important for employers to ensure that their selection processes are fair and do not result in adverse impact, as it can lead to legal consequences and undermine the principles of equality and fairness. The correct option is b.