Final answer:
The process of radically redesigning work process is termed Re-engineering, while the term Polarization describes the widening gap between high- and low-end jobs with fewer mid-level opportunities.
Step-by-step explanation:
The process used to rethink and radically redesign the way in which work is performed is known as b) Re-engineering. Business process reengineering (BPR) involves examining business processes from a clean slate perspective and then redesigning those processes to achieve dramatic improvements in productivity, cycle times, and quality. In contrast to incremental change strategies like Six Sigma, which are often focused on small and continuous improvements, re-engineering is about making huge leaps in performance by rethinking how work gets done.
The practice in which the differences between low-end and high-end jobs become greater, and the number of people in the middle levels decreases, is called a) polarization. This phenomenon can result from various factors, including technological advances that automate mid-level jobs or create demand for high-skilled positions, thus widening the gap between high- and low-skill occupations.