Final answer:
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is the technique that temporarily deactivates specific brain regions by delivering an electromagnetic pulse. The correct option is C).
Step-by-step explanation:
The technique that delivers an electromagnetic pulse to a specific region of the brain to temporarily deactivate that region is known as transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). TMS uses a rapidly varying and very localized magnetic field placed close to specific sites in the brain.
This induces weak electric currents in the targeted brain tissue, which can affect brain activity and are used in the diagnosis and treatment of various neurological disorders, including depression and hallucinations.
Unlike PET scans that utilize a radioactive tracer to monitor brain activity, or fMRIs that measure changes in blood flow and oxygen levels to indicate brain activity over time, TMS directly interacts with brain tissue to modulate its function. Option C) is the correct one.