Question

Julie's heart rate increases as she runs for the bus, and then slows down once she is seated and enjoying the ride.

A) Sympathetic nervous system; Parasympathetic nervous system
B) Parasympathetic nervous system; Sympathetic nervous system
C) Somatic nervous system; Autonomic nervous system
D) Autonomic nervous system; Somatic nervous system

Answer 1

The sympathetic nervous system increases Julie's heart rate as she runs, and the parasympathetic nervous system slows it down once she is seated, illustrating their roles in response to physical activity and relaxation.

Step-by-step explanation:

Julie's heart rate increases when she is running for the bus due to the activation of the sympathetic nervous system, which prepares the body for physical exertion and stress (the 'fight-or-flight' response). This increase in heart rate ensures more blood flow to the muscles, preparing her for activity. Once Julie is seated on the bus and begins to relax, her parasympathetic nervous system becomes more active, slowing down the heart rate as part of the 'rest-and-digest' response. The answer to the question is A) Sympathetic nervous system; Parasympathetic nervous system. These systems work together to maintain homeostasis in the body, responding to changes in the environment and physical activity levels.