Final answer:
Neurotransmitters are stored in c) Synaptic vesicles. in an axon.
Step-by-step explanation:
Neurotransmitters are stored in c) synaptic vesicles within an axon. These vesicles are specialized structures found in the axon terminals, which are the endpoints of neurons. When an action potential reaches the axon terminal, it triggers the release of neurotransmitters from these synaptic vesicles into the synapse, facilitating communication between neurons.
The process of neurotransmitter release is essential for neuronal communication. Synaptic vesicles containing neurotransmitters are docked at the presynaptic membrane of the axon terminal. Upon the arrival of an action potential, these vesicles fuse with the cell membrane, releasing the neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft. The neurotransmitters then bind to receptors on the postsynaptic membrane of the receiving neuron, transmitting the signal.
Understanding the subcellular structures involved in neurotransmission provides insights into the intricate mechanisms of neuronal communication. Synaptic vesicles serve as storage units for neurotransmitters, ensuring a regulated and controlled release of these chemical messengers.
This orchestrated process is crucial for the transmission of signals between neurons and plays a fundamental role in various physiological and cognitive functions within the nervous system.