Final answer:
Late adolescence option (D) is when social and political outlooks are often formed, as this period is marked by the end of brain maturation and increased societal engagement.
Step-by-step explanation:
According to Mannheim, late adolescence is a key period for the formation of social and political outlooks. Option D) Late adolescence is correct. It is during this phase that individuals often solidify their political ideologies and form the foundational beliefs that shape their opinions on political theory and policy. Influential events during this time can have lasting effects on these ideologies.
For example, during late adolescence, a person might begin to align themselves with a political party because it supports their views on social issues or economic policies. This is often a period when individuals are completing their education and starting to become active members of the political system.
The concept of adolescence as a special phase between childhood and adulthood is significant in modern society. It traditionally encompasses the ages from around 12 to 18 years old and is characterized by substantial physical, cognitive, and social changes.
It is during this period that the frontal lobes of the brain, playing a crucial role in decision-making and social behavior, become fully developed. These neurological developments, combined with social experiences, contribute to the formation of an individual's political views and social behavior in society.