Final answer:
The assertion about Charles and his family leaving London in January 1642 is true; however, the provided context includes more characters and events from the era, which do not directly relate to the question.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that Charles and his family left London in January 1642 is True. Charles I, facing numerous conflicts with Parliament and fearing for his safety, left the capital and eventually raised his standard in August of that year, marking the start of the English Civil War. However, this question seems slightly out of context or incomplete as there were more than one Charles related to English monarchy, and Charles I did not reign until 1685, when his brother James would inherit the throne as mentioned in the provided background information.
Several historical events and figures are mentioned within the context, such as the Glorious Revolution, which John Locke deemed legitimate, and the first English child born in North America, Virginia Dare. Additionally, there is reference to Sir Walter Raleigh's attempt to colonize Roanoke and the Trustee system in Savannah. These pieces of information provide context for the time period and social-political environment but are separate from the initial statement regarding Charles's departure from London.