Final answer:
The best statement that expresses the central idea of the text is that the brain rewards acts of kindness as positive social connections are crucial for survival. This captures the role of altruism in promoting the necessary social bonds among humans. Option C is the correct answer.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question at hand addresses the concept of altruism and its underlying motivations, particularly whether these actions are genuinely selfless or if they carry expectations of personal benefit. The central idea of the text seems to revolve around the understanding of altruism as a form of prosocial behavior that may be driven by empathy, the desire to form social bonds, or purely selfless intentions
Altruism is generally defined as a selfless concern for the well-being of others, which can manifest as a willingness to help without expecting anything in return. The discussion of altruism in the provided text spans from the practical and evolutionary basis of helping behavior to the philosophical and psychological analyses of human motivation. Various viewpoints are presented, suggesting that while people may feel good after helping others, this is a byproduct of altruistic actions rather than the primary cause. The debate continues, however, as to whether pure altruism exists, or if there is always some form of self-serving aspect to helping behavior.
Considering the different perspectives in the text and the examples given, the option that best expresses the central idea is Option C: The brain rewards acts of kindness because positive social connections are necessary for survival. This reflects the key insight of the text that the human propensity for altruism is integrally tied to the formation and maintenance of social bonds, which have a fundamental role in one's survival and well-being. It also encapsulates the idea that acts of kindness are rewarding in themselves, without necessarily being motivated by selfish desires.