Final answer:
The a. cape located on the southern tip of South America is Cape Horn (A), whereas the Cape of Good Hope is at the southern tip of Africa and was rounded by Bartolomeu Dias in 1488.
Step-by-step explanation:
The cape located on the southern tip of South America is Cape Horn (A). The Cape of Good Hope (B) is located at the southern tip of the African continent and was a significant transit point during the age of exploration, especially for the Dutch voyages. Portuguese explorer Bartolomeu Dias was the first European to sail around it in 1488, opening up new sea routes to Asia.
It became strategically important as a resupply point for ships sailing to the East. The Dutch East India Company or DEIC subsequently established a colony near the Cape of Good Hope in 1652, reinforcing its significance in maritime trade. Cape Agulhas (C) is actually the southernmost tip of Africa, and Cape Leeuwin (D) is in Australia.