Final answer:
The Sun, Moon, and stars share the characteristics of brightness, size, and orbits but vary greatly in these aspects. The apparent similarity in the size of the Sun and Moon is a unique case due to their distances from Earth, while the brightness of stars depends on their luminosity and distance. Stars have their own orbits within their systems, separate from those of the Sun and Moon.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Sun, Moon, and stars all have brightness, size, and orbits in common, yet they differ in each of these aspects as well. The Sun is a star with a vast size compared to the Moon, and they differ significantly in brightness. Despite their differences in actual size, an interesting fact is that from our perspective on Earth, the Sun and Moon appear to be nearly the same size in the sky, both occupying about 1/2° of angular size, allowing for phenomena such as solar eclipses where the Moon can cover the Sun. Stars vary widely in brightness and size, with much of their perceived brightness dependent on their actual luminosity and distance from us. Moreover, unlike the Sun and Moon, which orbit within our solar system, other stars do not orbit the Earth or the Sun, but they can have their own systems with planets and other bodies in orbit around them.