Final answer:
The equation P(A) + P(A') = 1 represents the Law of Complementary Probability, signifying that the probability of an event and its complement sum to one, covering all possible outcomes.
Step-by-step explanation:
The equation P(A) + P(A') = 1 expresses the Law of Complementary Probability. This law states that the probability of an event happening (P(A)) plus the probability of the event not happening (P(A')) equals one. It's based on the concept that either the event A happens, or its complement A' (not A) happens, covering all possible outcomes in the sample space.
For instance, if A is the event of getting at least one tail when flipping two coins, then the complement A' is getting no tails (all heads). If P(A) is the probability of getting at least one tail, and P(A') is the probability of getting no tails, then together these probabilities sum up to one.
The Law of Large Numbers, on the other hand, discusses the relationship between the number of trials in a probability experiment and the convergence of the relative frequency to the theoretical probability. It does not directly relate to the complement of an event.