Final answer:
In the Scrum framework, the backlog refinement event involves the participation of the Product Owner, Scrum Master, Development Team, and optionally, stakeholders.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the Scrum framework, the backlog refinement event is a meeting that helps the Scrum Team in adding details, estimates, and order to the product backlog. During this event, the Product Owner, Scrum Master, and the Development Team participate. The Product Owner brings the items from the backlog to be refined, and the Development Team asks questions and provides estimates for the work involved.
Additionally, stakeholders can also participate in the backlog refinement event, though it is not mandatory. The involvement of stakeholders can help in clarifying requirements, gathering feedback, and ensuring alignment between the team and stakeholders' expectations.