Final answer:
Putting a pipe over a wrench's handle increases the lever arm, enhancing torque to remove tight bolts, but risks breaking the bolt or causing injury. This concept relates to physics, specifically involving leverage and torque. The principle is analogous to adjustments in hose nozzles affecting water flow, which is a fluid dynamics topic.
Step-by-step explanation:
When mechanics put a length of pipe over the handle of a wrench to remove a very tight bolt, they create a longer lever arm. This application of leverage follows from the basic principles of physics, specifically torque, which is the force applied at a distance from the pivot point. By increasing the distance, they increase the rotational force applied to the bolt. This can be quite effective in removing bolts that are too tight to be loosened with the wrench alone.
However, this practice also increases the force applied to the bolt substantially, which can hazard the bolt by breaking it if the applied torque exceeds the material's tensile strength. The increased torque can also potentially result in injury if the wrench or pipe slips or if the bolt suddenly gives way.
The subject also touches upon fluid dynamics in the context of the operation of a garden hose and water pressure, described by Bernoulli's Equation. Adjusting the hose's nozzle affects the speed and pressure of the water, illustrating the principle that the velocity of a fluid increases as the cross-sectional area of the flow decreases, assuming constant flow rate.