Final answer:
The term that refers to the series of relationships where caregiving is passed down to increasingly disadvantaged individuals is known as the 'Care Chain'. This term underlines the socioeconomic dynamics and global aspect of caregiving roles.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term that refers to "a series of nurturing relationships in which the care of children, the disabled, or the elderly is displaced onto increasingly disadvantaged paid or unpaid caregivers" is C. Care Chain. Care chains can be envisioned as a succession of personal links between people across the globe based on the paid or unpaid care work they do.
Women, often from lower-income countries, leave their families to provide care for others in wealthier countries, which leads to a ‘chain’ of care that features women who move to fill in caregiving roles left by other women.
The concepts such as maternal feminism, motherhood penalty, and the financial sacrifice many mothers make are interrelated with the dynamics of care work. However, it is the Care Chain that specifically encapsulates the international aspect and the cycle of caregiving roles perpetuated by socioeconomic disparities.