Final answer:
Polykleitos created the statue known as the Doryphoros, or Spear Bearer, to demonstrate his Canon of Proportion, which showcased the ideal balance of the human body's parts.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statue that Polykleitos created to explain the Canon of Proportion is the Doryphoros, also known as the Spear Bearer. This Roman marble copy of the Greek bronze original demonstrates the principles of the Canon, which focused on the ideal proportions of the human body. The Doryphoros is a significant work that highlights the concepts of symmetria, establishing the balance and harmony of the body's various parts. Polykleitos's work influenced classical Greek sculpture and the way that the human form was presented in art, aiming to create the perfect, idealized male form characterized by balance and realistic anatomy.
While Polykleitos also created other notable works like the Diadumenos and Discophoros, it was the Doryphoros that embodied his theories on proportion and balance most explicitly, and it serves as an educational model for understanding the ancient Greek aesthetic values.