Final answer:
Christians obtained colors for illustrations primarily by using locally sourced mineral deposits and ochre, which were ground into dust and mixed with natural binders. Valuable pigments were sometimes imported, reflecting established trade routes. These techniques demonstrate the resourcefulness and creativity of ancient Christian artists.
Step-by-step explanation:
In ancient times, Christians obtained different colors for their illustrations through various means. The common method was by using mineral deposits, ochre, rock, and grinding them into dust to create pigments. These pigments were typically sourced from the local environment, utilizing resources such as charcoal, yellow ochre, red ochre, zinc oxides, hematite, kaolin, and manganese oxides depending on the region. In certain cases, pigments were imported from distant lands, indicating that trade routes were already well-established.
The process included grinding rocks or clay by hand to create a fine powder which was then mixed with a natural binder like animal fat, blood, bone marrow, spit, or water to form a paste. This paste could be formed into sticks, similar to pastel crayons used today, allowing artists to apply the 'paint' directly to various surfaces.
Moreover, the Book of Kells, a renowned medieval manuscript, displays the use of pigments derived from materials like indigo or woad for blue, orpiment for yellow, and red lead for red, with some pigments layered on top of a base to achieve different visual effects. This practice showcases the sophistication and experimental nature of ancient Christian artists in their pursuit of illustrating manuscripts and artworks.