Final answer:
An Infrared thermometer provides instant surface temperature readings and is commonly used for quick body temperature checks by placing it in the ear canal.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of thermometer that is designed to give an instant readout and only scans the surface is the c) Infrared thermometer. Infrared thermometers work by measuring infrared radiation that is emitted by an object. They are frequently used to measure surface temperatures and are particularly useful for quick measurements. For instance, these thermometers can be placed in the ear canal to measure body temperature, offering a more accurate reading than alcohol thermometers put under the tongue or in the armpit. Advancements in infrared technology, partly through collaboration between companies like Diatek Corporation and NASA, have led to the development of these highly efficient and non-intrusive thermometers. They provide a rapid measurement, which is especially beneficial for newborn, critically-ill, or incapacitated patients.