Question

There is a hole in the dome-shaped ceiling of the Pantheon. What's it called, and why is it there?

a) Oculus, for natural light and ventilation.
b) Oculus, for decorative purposes.
c) Arcus, for structural stability.
d) Arcus, for architectural symmetry.

Answer 1

The hole in the Pantheon's dome is called an oculus, serving for natural light and ventilation, evidencing the Romans' architectural innovation and engineering excellence.The correct option is a.

Step-by-step explanation:

The hole in the dome-shaped ceiling of the Pantheon is called an oculus. The oculus serves as the dome's only source of natural light and also provides ventilation. This architectural feature is essential not just for practical purposes, but also adds symbolic and aesthetic significance. The dome itself is a rotated arch that creates a wide, hemispherical vault, unimpeded by columns, a testament to Roman engineering excellence. Additionally, the perfect symmetry and use of coffered concrete in the dome's construction further reflect the innovative design and structural ingenuity of ancient Roman architecture.