Final answer:
Vespasian, with his son Titus, ended the Jewish uprising in 66 CE, leading to the capture of Jerusalem and the destruction of the Second Temple in 70 CE, which funded the construction of the Colosseum.
Step-by-step explanation:
Emperor Vespasian, along with his son Titus, played a pivotal role in suppressing the Jewish uprising in 66 CE. The rebellion, driven by heavy taxation and resentment towards Roman rule, was fiercely contested over a period of four years. Eventually, the Roman forces managed to crush the Jewish revolt and, in 70 CE, they sacked Jerusalem, leading to the tragic destruction of the Second Temple. This devastating event marked the onset of the Jewish diaspora. The wealth looted from Jerusalem funded significant architectural projects in Rome, including the infamous Colosseum, originally known as the Flavian Amphitheater, which became an iconic venue for public spectacles and entertainment.