Final answer:
The Doric order, characterized by fluted columns without a base, plain capitals, an entablature with a frieze of triglyphs and metopes, is an important classical style of Greek architecture exemplified by the Parthenon.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Doric order is one of the three classical orders of Greek architecture and is easily recognized by its specific features. The columns of the Doric order are fluted and feature 20 parallel grooves that taper to a sharp point. They rest directly on the stylobate without a base.
The capital is plain and unadorned, leading up to a simple rectangular block called an abacus. Above the capital is the entablature, which includes a frieze made up of triglyphs and metopes. The triglyphs are vertical plaques with three divisions, while the metopes are square spaces intended for painted or sculpted decorations.
One of the finest examples of the Doric order is found in the Parthenon on the Acropolis in Athens, which was designed by Iktinos and Kallikrates. This prominent temple features all the characteristic elements of the Doric style and stands as a testament to the architectural and aesthetic development of Greek architecture itself.
The Doric order's use of a plain capital and a sturdy, if not stocky, column proportion are key identifiers of this original and influential style.