Final answer:
The criticism of the population ecology view, after-the-fact attribution, argues that the explanations provided are only post-event.
Step-by-step explanation:
The criticism of the population ecology view, after-the-fact attribution, refers to the argument that the explanations provided by the population ecology approach are only post-event. It means that the approach is limited to explaining events that have already happened, rather than accurately predicting future organizational changes before they occur. For example, a critic might argue that the population ecology model cannot accurately forecast the impact of new technologies on organizational dynamics.