Final answer:
The golf ball will roll the farthest because it has the least mass, resulting in the highest acceleration when the same force is applied. The forces acting on a basketball player and the ball during a jump shot are primarily gravity and the muscular force from the player. A basketball and a stalled SUV, when acted upon by the same force, will have different accelerations due to the mass difference.
Step-by-step explanation:
When assessing which ball will roll the farthest given the same amount of force, it's essential to consider concepts from Physics like mass, force, and acceleration. According to Newton's second law of motion, force equals mass times acceleration (F = ma). If the same force is applied, the acceleration will be inversely proportional to the mass of the object. The golf ball, having the least mass among the listed balls, will experience the greatest acceleration and, therefore, will roll the farthest, assuming that rolling friction and other resistances are consistent for all balls.
The forces acting on the basketball player and the ball during a jump shot include the force of gravity, the muscular force exerted by the player, and air resistance. The force exerted by the player propels the basketball upward, while gravity eventually slows it down and causes it to descend. Air resistance slightly impedes the ball's movement but is generally negligible in this context. The result is the arc trajectory of the ball towards the hoop.
Effect of Force on Different Masses
In the case of a stalled SUV and a basketball, when the same force is applied by a basketball player, the basketball will undergo a much greater acceleration than the SUV due to the significant difference in their masses. This can be illustrated through free-body diagrams that allow for comparison in acceleration between objects of different masses when the same force is applied.