Final answer:
Sensory memory is the type that preserves information in its original form for a very brief period, such as sights, sounds, and tastes, for only a fraction of a second. The correct option is B.
Step-by-step explanation:
The kind of memory that preserves information in its original sensory form for a brief time, usually only a fraction of a second, is known as sensory memory. This type of memory allows individuals to retain impressions of sensory information after the original stimuli have ended.
An example is the ability to remember a sound or a visual image for a few seconds after the stimulus has disappeared. In contrast, short-term memory (STM) refers to a temporary storage system that processes incoming sensory memory and can hold information for approximately 20 to 30 seconds.
If continuously rehearsed, the information can be retained longer and potentially moved into long-term memory (LTM), which is the continuous storage of information that goes beyond a few minutes.