Final answer:
Chunking refers to organizing information into manageable units or 'chunks' which makes it easier for the brain to process and remember. It is the method our brain uses to organize information efficiently, as observed in the way we typically memorize phone numbers.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term a group of familiar stimuli stored as a single unit relates to the concept of chunking. Chunking is a process used in cognitive psychology to organize information into manageable units or chunks. This method helps the brain to work more efficiently by reducing the cognitive load and making the information easier to remember and recall. For example, phone numbers are often chunked into segments (e.g., 555-1234 instead of 5551234) to aid in memorization.
A schema, on the other hand, refers to a mental construct consisting of a cluster of related concepts, which helps us make immediate assumptions about the person or object being observed. Schemata aid in organizing information and allow for the efficient processing of new experiences by relating them to preexisting knowledge.