Final answer:
To obtain alternate optimal solutions, generate a wide variety of ideas, assess their potential to satisfy requirements, and evaluate them using a structured decision-making process that maximizes utility for the greatest number of people. The best design is selected based on these evaluations for further development.
Step-by-step explanation:
To get alternate optimal solutions, a structured approach needs to be taken. Initially, brainstorm alternative solutions, which involves generating a wide variety of potential solutions from multiple sources such as existing products, brainstormed ideas, or scientific principles. After generating a pool of possible solutions, you must evaluate them against a set of requirements and constraints to ascertain their viability.
Next, the decision-making process is similar to comparing marginal utility, where one might compare the additional happiness or satisfaction derived from each additional unit of consumption. For example, someone like José might assess the tradeoffs of consuming less of one good in favor of another to maximize overall utility. This can be done by considering the options available, calculating the happiness or satisfaction each would bring, and determining which option satisfies the greatest number of interests for the greatest number of people.
Finally, evaluate and select the best design that meets the requirements and constraints. For instance, if a solar still for desalination meets the criteria for a design problem, it would be selected and the process would proceed with further detailed design and prototyping.