Final answer:
When the nitrogen in asparagine is replaced with an oxygen via transamination, aspartate is formed. Removing the second nitrogen from the backbone of asparagine would result in alanine. Hence, the answer is aspartate and alanine.
Step-by-step explanation:
If the N (nitrogen) in asparagine is replaced by an O (oxygen) via transamination, the resulting amino acid is aspartate. This is because asparagine and aspartate share a similar structure with the difference being the amide group (-CONH2) in asparagine being replaced by a carboxyl group (-COOH) in aspartate during the transamination process.
If we remove the second N (nitrogen) in the backbone of asparagine, not considering the side chain, we obtain alanine. This would entail removing the amino group from the backbone of the amino acid, which would convert the molecule to another amino acid with a simpler side chain, like alanine, that has a methyl group (-CH3) as its side chain.
Therefore, the correct answer to the question is: If the N in asparagine is replaced by an O via transamination, we get aspartate. If we remove the second N in the backbone, we get alanine. So the correct option is c) Aspartate; Alanine.