Question

1. Accountability 2. Identifying purposes (inform patient) 3. Consent 4. Limit collection of personal information 5. Limit use, retention, disclosure 6. Accuracy 7. Safeguards 8. Openness about policies to all 9. Individual Access 10. Challenging compliance - handling complaints

A) Privacy Principles (PP)
B) Data Protection Guidelines (DPG)
C) Information Security Standards (ISS)
D) Confidentiality Assurance Steps (CAS)

Answer 1

The question involves data privacy principles related to the protection of health information, which are embodied in laws like HIPAA and the GDPR. These principles address the handling of personal information within healthcare and the ethical considerations in maintaining privacy while ensuring quality healthcare.

Step-by-step explanation:

The question pertains to a set of principles often associated with data privacy and protection in relation to health information. These principles include accountability, consent, limiting the collection of personal information, ensuring its accuracy, and allowing individuals to access and challenge the compliance of an entity handling their data. Such principles are crucial when developing policies that balance the cost of treatments and diagnoses, patient quality of life, and risks to individual privacy. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) is an example of a law that encapsulates many of these principles by setting standards for the protection of patient information. In the context of cyber data and the broader right to privacy, different jurisdictions, like the European Union with the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), have distinct but stringent data protection laws that regulate the handling of personal information.

Considering the ethical dimensions involving human subjects, principles such as autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice guide the relationships between physicians and patients or researchers and participants. These principles support the idea that individuals have rights to privacy, self-determination, and freedom of expression vital to human rights norms. Safeguarding health records within digital platforms and sharing digital records among healthcare providers are contemporary issues that highlight the need for robust privacy policies. Legal considerations such as HIPAA and broader ethical principles frame the complex nature of maintaining data privacy while also ensuring high quality and cost-effective healthcare.