Final answer:
Option (c), The Industrial Revolution was a significant turning point that created a substantial divide between Western Europe/America and the rest of the world, leading to dramatic social, economic, and technological changes.
Step-by-step explanation:
Significant Turning Points in History
When examining significant turning points in history, it's clear that multiple events greatly influenced the world's trajectory. However, the Industrial Revolution created a substantial divide between Western Europe/America and the rest of the world. It marked a transition from an agrarian economy to an industrial and urban one, drastically altering social, economic, and technological landscapes. Machine-powered transportation expanded the interchange of goods and ideas, while the balance of global power shifted as old empires declined and new nations emerged.
The Renaissance was another turning point that followed the Middle Ages, triggering a cultural revolution with a shift towards humanism, art, and the questioning of classical learning. Yet, it was the Industrial Revolution that most significantly redefined the powers of the world, accelerating growth in Europe and the United States while contributing to struggles in areas that faced colonization.