Final answer:
The respiratory system includes the nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli, which all work together to facilitate gas exchange in the body.
Step-by-step explanation:
The human respiratory system is integral for gas exchange, enabling the body to take in oxygen and expel carbon dioxide. The process begins in the nasal cavity, which filters, warms, and moistens the air. This air then moves through the pharynx, which serves as a passageway for both air and food. The larynx, or voice box, is located below the pharynx and leads to the trachea, commonly referred to as the windpipe. The trachea divides into two main branches called bronchi, which further split into smaller bronchioles within the lungs. At the terminus of these bronchioles are the alveoli, small sacs where gas exchange occurs. The entire respiratory system, from the nasal cavity to the alveoli, works collectively to ensure the body receives the oxygen it needs and disposes of carbon dioxide effectively.