Question

Kathy Michaels, a 37-year-old female, is talking with her gynecologist about concerns about sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). She asks to be tested for STDs. Later, the nurse calls to discuss the results with Ms. Michaels, which indicates she is positive for HIV. Ms. Michaels states, "Oh no, I have AIDS!"

1. How should the nurse respond to Ms. Michaels' statement?
"Ms. Michaels seems relieved with the explanation and states "I am so glad it's not AIDS. It's just like an infection." She then asks the nurse, "Can I take some antibiotics to kill the infection, then?

2. How should the nurse respond to Ms. Michaels' question?
Again, Ms. Michaels indicates an understanding of the nurse's explanation. She then asks "Does this virus just remain the same in my body and nothing will happen, or will I be getting sick?"

3. How should the nurse respond to Ms. Michaels' question?

Answer 1

The nurse should explain the difference between HIV and AIDS, convey that HIV cannot be treated with antibiotics but requires antiretroviral therapy, and emphasize that the virus can be managed effectively with treatment to prevent progression to AIDS.

Step-by-step explanation:

In response to Ms. Michaels' statement, a nurse should clarify that being HIV positive does not mean she has AIDS. HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) is the virus that can lead to AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome), a condition that is diagnosed when an individual's immune system is severely damaged. The nurse should explain the differences between HIV and AIDS, emphasizing that with proper treatment and management, an HIV-positive individual can live a long, healthy life without ever developing AIDS.

Regarding the possibility of treating HIV with antibiotics, the nurse should inform Ms. Michaels that HIV is a viral infection and antibiotics are ineffective against viruses. Instead, HIV is treated with a regimen of antiretroviral therapy (ART), which, when taken consistently, can suppress the virus to undetectable levels and prevent progression to AIDS.

Lastly, concerning the progression of HIV, Ms. Michaels should be informed that without treatment, HIV can weaken the immune system over time, potentially leading to opportunistic infections or illnesses that characterize AIDS. With regular monitoring and adherence to ART, an individual can maintain a healthy immune response and prevent the virus from causing significant harm.