Final answer:
The results do not appear to have statistical significance, and the practical significance is unclear.
Step-by-step explanation:
To determine whether the results have statistical significance, we need to compare the observed results with the expected results based on random guessing. In this case, we expect to get about 20% of the answers correct by random guessing. The Ashton Prep Program claims to have a better method of guessing, and in the test, 23 out of 100 answers were correct.
To assess statistical significance, we can use a hypothesis test to compare the observed results with the expected results. We can set up the null hypothesis that there is no effect from the program, meaning the probability of getting 23 or more correct answers by random guessing is 23% or more. The alternative hypothesis would be that there is a significant effect from the program, meaning the probability of getting 23 or more correct answers by random guessing is less than 23%.
Based on the given information, the probability of getting 23 or more correct answers if there is no effect is 23%. This probability is higher than the conventional threshold of 5% for statistical significance. Therefore, we fail to reject the null hypothesis and conclude that the results do not appear to have statistical significance.
In terms of practical significance, even though the results do not have statistical significance, the Ashton Prep Program might still have some practical usefulness if it can consistently get more correct answers than random guessing. However, without further information about the program's method or a larger sample size, it is difficult to determine the practical significance with certainty.