Final answer:
Highly motivated individuals are more likely to thoroughly consider the quantity of evidence, engaging in slow cognitive processes to evaluate it, compared to those under time pressure, experiencing cognitive overload, or seeking a quick decision.
Step-by-step explanation:
People are more likely to pay attention to the quantity of evidence if they are highly motivated (option b). This is because when individuals are highly motivated, they are more willing to engage in thinking slow, as described by psychologist Daniel Kahneman, which requires more cognitive energy to consider the evidence in depth.
By contrast, under time pressure (option a), experiencing cognitive overload (option c), or seeking a quick decision (option d), people may rely on heuristics or quick decisions that don't thoroughly assess the quantity of evidence. Motivation allows individuals to resist the anchoring bias, avoid motivated reasoning, and reduce the influence of the availability heuristic by deeply analyzing the available information rather than just taking mental shortcuts.