Final answer:
The three phases of periodization leading up to competition are Preparation, Competition, and Transition, focusing on building conditioning, peak performance, and rest/recovery, respectively.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question 'Periodization can be divided into three distinct phases that lead up to competition' refers to the systematic planning of athletic or physical training. The correct answer is B) Preparation, Competition, Transition. During the Preparation phase, athletes build their base level of conditioning. The Competition phase is where athletes focus on performing at their highest level. Following competition, the Transition phase involves rest and recovery before starting the next cycle of training.