Question

Define

the following-
1. Person Centred Care
2. Hospital Acquired Complications
3. Human and System Errors
4. Violations and errors
5. Code of Conduct
6. Autonomy
7. Beneficence

Answer 1

Medical ethics are guided by principles such as autonomy and beneficence. Autonomy refers to patients' right to make informed decisions about their own health, while beneficence entails acting in patients' best interest. Additionally, healthcare practice includes understanding and managing hospital acquired complications, human and system errors, and adhering to a professional code of conduct.

Step-by-step explanation:

1. Person-Centered Care refers to a model of care that respects and values the individuality of patients. It involves providing care that is responsive to the individual patient’s preferences, needs, and values, and ensuring that patient values guide all clinical decisions.
2. Hospital Acquired Complications are health problems that patients develop during their stay in the hospital which were not present upon admission. These may include infections, falls, or even medication errors, and can significantly impact patient recovery and healthcare costs.
3. Human and System Errors in healthcare refer to mistakes that are made by healthcare professionals (human errors) and flaws in healthcare systems (system errors) that can lead to suboptimal patient outcomes. Human errors might be due to cognitive issues or fatigue, while system errors could arise from poor processes or faulty equipment.
4. Violations and Errors are two distinct categories of actions that can lead to unintended harm in healthcare settings. Errors are unintentional actions that result in a deviation from an intended outcome, whereas violations are deliberate deviations from safe operating practices, procedures, standards, or rules.
5. The Code of Conduct in a healthcare setting outlines the expectations for ethical behavior and professional standards that must be adhered to by healthcare professionals. This includes maintaining patient confidentiality, acting with integrity, and committing to continuous improvement.
6. Autonomy is a principle that states that patients have the right to make informed decisions about their own healthcare. It acknowledges the right of patients to exercise agency or self-determination when it comes to their health and treatment options.
7. Beneficence is the ethical principle that entails acting in the best interest of the patient, including taking actions that are intended to benefit them, promoting their welfare, and preventing or removing harm.