Final answer:
A fixed mindset perceives abilities as static, leading to avoidance of challenges and a lack of effort towards improvement. A growth mindset, however, views abilities as developable, fostering resilience, effort, and adaptiveness, which are key for learning and success.
Step-by-step explanation:
Comparing a fixed mindset to a growth mindset reveals significant contrasts in how individuals approach learning and development. Individuals with a fixed mindset tend to believe that their abilities, talents, and intelligence are static traits. Consequently, they may view challenges as threats and avoid them out of fear of failure. This attitude can lead to a reluctance to put in effort or to change, since they believe their basic abilities are unchangeable.
In stark contrast, those with a growth mindset see their abilities as malleable and capable of development through effort, learning, and persistence. They are more likely to embrace challenges and view failures not as a reflection of their abilities but as opportunities for growth and learning. This mindset encourages adaptability, effort, and the resilience to persevere in the face of obstacles, aligning with studies that show grit and perseverance are excellent predictors of academic success and achievement, more so than talent or IQ.