Final answer:
To prepare a 500 mL IV solution of 2.5% dextrose and 0.45% NaCl, we need to mix 25 mL of a 50% dextrose solution with 475 mL of water and use all 500 mL of the 0.45% NaCl solution already on hand.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question involves preparing a specific intravenous (IV) solution by diluting a highly concentrated dextrose solution and combining it with an available saline solution. To create 500mLs of a 2.5% dextrose and 0.45% NaCl solution, we need to calculate the amount of each solution on hand required to achieve the desired final concentrations.
We have a 500mL of 0.45% NaCl solution which is already at the correct concentration for NaCl, so we will use all of it. For the dextrose, we must dilute a 50% dextrose solution to achieve the desired 2.5%. To do this, we can use the dilution equation C1V1 = C2V2, where:
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- C1 is the concentration of the stock solution (50%)
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- V1 is the volume of the stock solution we need to use
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- C2 is the desired concentration (2.5%)
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- V2 is the final volume of the dextrose solution (500 mL)
Applying these values to the equation:
(50%)V1 = (2.5%)(500 mL)
We solve for V1 to find the volume of the 50% dextrose solution needed:
V1 = (2.5% x 500 mL) / 50%
V1 = 25 mL
So, we need 25 mL of the 50% dextrose solution and the rest will be water to make up the 500 mL volume. To achieve the final 500 mL volume, we add 25 mL of the 50% dextrose to 475 mL of water.
Therefore, we need 25 mL of the 50% dextrose solution and all 500 mL of the 0.45% NaCl solution to prepare the final IV solution.