Final answer:
Risk factors for altered urinary elimination and fluid/electrolyte imbalances in patients with chronic illness include physical challenges, neurological conditions, and chronic kidney disease. Preventive strategies include dietary modifications and medications to reduce excretory load on the kidneys.
Step-by-step explanation:
Risk factors for altered urinary elimination and fluid/electrolyte imbalances in patients with chronic illness include physical challenges, neurological conditions, and chronic kidney disease. Physical challenges, such as reduced mobility or cognitive impairment, can make it difficult for elderly individuals to urinate as frequently as they should. Neurological conditions, like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, can affect bladder control. Chronic kidney disease can lead to fluid and electrolyte imbalances due to reduced kidney function.
Additionally, other factors that can contribute to altered urinary elimination and fluid/electrolyte imbalances include disorders of the urinary system, such as bladder infections and kidney stones. Certain medications can interfere with normal bladder emptying, and conditions like benign prostatic hypertrophy or abdominal malignancies can cause urinary obstruction. It is important to diagnose and manage these risk factors to prevent complications and maintain proper urinary function.
Preventive strategies for maintaining proper urinary elimination and fluid/electrolyte balance include dietary modifications, such as increasing fluid intake and following a low protein and sodium diet. Restricting intake of certain foods, like oxalate-rich foods, and maintaining an adequate intake of dietary calcium can also help prevent fluid and electrolyte imbalances.