Final answer:
George Berkeley fundamentally denied the existence of an external reality independent of the perceiving mind, arguing instead for an idealism where all perceived objects are ideas in the mind of God.
Step-by-step explanation:
Berkeley fundamentally denied the existence of a material world independent of the perceiving mind. He held a form of idealism, arguing that what we perceive as physical objects are nothing more than ideas in the mind of God. According to Berkeley, these ideas are given to us through our sensations, making the external reality not a material world separate from us, but a series of sensations orchestrated by a divine spirit. Consequently, the existence of a material world as an entity separate from the mind is rejected in Berkeley's philosophy.
Does The Physical World Exist? Bishop George Berkeley
George Berkeley championed immaterialism, which maintains that what we consider physical objects are simply ideas and sensations provided by God. For him, the causal properties that we associate with material objects should be ascribed only to spirits or souls, which alone truly exist. Hence, in answering the original question, Berkeley did not just partially deny, but fundamentally denied the independent existence of external reality.