Final answer:
Most physicians in the United States do not possess only the basic MD degree, as many pursue further specializations and additional degrees such as MPH or DO. Historical barriers led to the formation of separate medical associations for Black physicians to gain professional experience and acceptance.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question regarding whether most physicians in the United States today possess only the basic MD degree is likely false. Many doctors pursue further specialization after obtaining their MD, such as board certifications in specific areas of medicine, which require additional training and examinations. Furthermore, some physicians also hold other advanced degrees, such as a Master of Public Health (MPH) or even a Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine (DO), depending on their career path and specialization. Additionally, some epidemiologists, who are often physicians with an MD or DO, have further specialized education, such as an MPH or a Ph.D. in a relevant field like biology.
Historically, the pursuit of advanced medical education and the ability to practice medicine has not always been equitable. Black physicians, for example, faced significant barriers in joining professional medical associations and obtaining hospital positions, leading to the formation of alternative organizations such as the National Medical Association to provide support and continued education for African-American doctors.