Final answer:
The temperature of a substance changes with the change in its sensible heat, described by the equation ΔQ = mcΔT, which involves mass (m), specific heat (c), and temperature change (ΔT) (a).
Step-by-step explanation:
Understanding Sensible Heat Change
The temperature of a substance changes when its sensible heat changes. The correct equation that describes the change in sensible heat (ΔQ) in relation to mass (m), the specific heat capacity (cp), and the change in temperature (ΔT) is ΔQ = mcΔT. In this equation, the specific heat (c) is a property of the substance, and it denotes the amount of heat needed to change the temperature of 1.00 kg of substance by 1.00°C. The mass (m) is the amount of the substance, and the temperature change (ΔT) is calculated by subtracting the initial temperature from the final temperature (Tfinal - Tinitial). If a substance absorbs heat energy, the temperature rises and ΔT is positive, resulting in a positive ΔQ value. Conversely, when a substance loses heat, the temperature falls, ΔT is negative, and hence ΔQ is also negative.
The heat needed to change the temperature of a substance that does not undergo a phase change is expressed by the equation q = mxc×ΔT, emphasizing the direct proportionality to the mass of the substance and the magnitude of the temperature change. On the other hand, heat required for a phase change is calculated differently and not directly linked to temperature change, represented by q = n×ΔH.
In summary, the change in sensible heat is mostly associated with the equation ΔQ = mcΔT and is essential to understand for temperature change calculations without a phase transition.