Final answer:
Harry S. Truman's proposed social program was the 'Fair Deal,' which faced considerable opposition and saw most of its components rejected by Congress, especially national healthcare.
Step-by-step explanation:
Truman's Fair Deal Program & Opposition
After winning re-election in 1948, President Harry S. Truman sought to implement his social program known as the Fair Deal. The Fair Deal aimed to expand Roosevelt's New Deal by advocating for a range of progressive reforms including universal health insurance, an increase in federal aid to schools, an extension of Social Security, and the expansion of public housing. Despite some successful legislation like public housing projects and extending Social Security, most of Truman's proposals did not pass due to significant opposition.
Conservatives within Truman's own Democratic party, including southern Democrats, and the Republicans strongly opposed these proposals, fearing an excessive expansion of federal power. The most notable failure was the national healthcare program, which faced staunch opposition from the American Medical Association and was defamed as 'socialized medicine.
Despite the defeat of some proposals, Truman succeeded in steps towards civil rights reform and achieved a rise in the minimum wage, among other successes.