Final answer:
The claim that dreaming is more likely to occur in Stage 4 sleep is false; dreaming mainly occurs during REM sleep, characterized by awake-like brain wave activity. Sleep spindles and K-complexes are most often associated with stage 2 sleep, and slow-wave sleep is characterized by delta waves.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that dreaming is more likely to occur in Stage 4 sleep, the deepest sleep, is false. Dreaming most frequently occurs during the REM (Rapid Eye Movement) sleep stage, where brain wave activity resembles that of an awake state, and dreaming is most vivid.
As we move through the various stages of non-REM (NREM) sleep, such as stages 1 and 2, sleep spindles and K-complexes are observed primarily during stage 2 sleep. These patterns are associated with deep relaxation and may play a role in learning and memory.
Stage 3 sleep, often referred to as deep or slow-wave sleep, is characterized by low frequency, high amplitude delta waves. During this stage, heart rate and respiration slow dramatically, and it is much more difficult to awaken someone. However, this is not the stage most commonly associated with dreaming.