Final answer:
The primary and secondary culture conflict approach in sociology views culture as filled with inequalities influenced by societal structures of power and production. It contrasts with the functionalistic view of culture, highlighting sociocultural conflicts, and the dynamic evolutions shaped by subcultures, countercultures, and global interactions.
Step-by-step explanation:
The primary and secondary culture conflict approach is aligned with conflict theory in sociology, which posits that culture inherently encompasses inequalities based on class, gender, race, and age. Conflict theorists believe that these power differentials are rooted in a society's system of material production and economic structures. They argue that the dominant culture benefits those in power, reinforcing their privileged position, while marginalizing others and minimizing their opportunities to adapt to cultural changes. These theories contrast with the functionalist perspective, which sees culture as a cohesive system that serves societal needs and values, helping individuals to navigate life successfully.
The conversation around culture also involves recognizing that societies comprise various subcultures and countercultures, each with their own norms and practices. Furthermore, the influence of global cultural economy and international interactions, as discussed in Appadurai's -scapes, indicate that culture is not static but a dynamic entity subject to continuous change and contestation. This underscores the sociocultural conflict and evolution detailed by cultural anthropologists like Franz Boas, who noted the diffusion and mobility of cultural elements through trade, migration, and controversy within societies.