Final answer:
Bhimrao Ambedkar and Jotiba Phule are associated with the group historically known as d. Untouchables, which is outside of the traditional varna system.
Step-by-step explanation:
Bhimrao Ambedkar and Jotiba Phule represent the social group historically referred to as 'Untouchables,' which is often considered to be below the last varna in the traditional Hindu caste system. This social group is not part of the four main varnas, which are Brahmin (priests and scholars), Kshatriya (warriors and rulers), Vaishya (merchants and farmers), and Shudra (servants and laborers). The Untouchables, also known as Dalits, faced and continue to face discrimination and were historically excluded from the caste system, thus living on the fringes of society. Figures like Ambedkar and Phule are celebrated for their efforts in fighting caste oppression and working towards social reform.