Final answer:
Internal focus of attention is directing attention towards one's own body, while external focus of attention is directing attention towards the outcome or external environment. Empirical evidence suggests that external focus of attention is better for learning and performing a motor skill. This is because it leads to more automatic and efficient movements, improved control, and better performance. These effects occur because external focus taps into the natural movement control systems of the brain and reduces overthinking and excessive muscle activation.
Step-by-step explanation:
A) Internal focus and external focus of attention in Motor Learning
Internal focus of attention refers to directing one's attention towards the movements and sensations within their own body while performing a motor skill. This could include focusing on the muscle groups used, the movement patterns, or the specific body parts involved in the skill.
External focus of attention, on the other hand, involves directing one's attention towards the outcome or the effects produced by the motor skill. This could include focusing on the target, the movement of an object, or the external environment in which the skill is performed.
B) Empirical evidence and the better focus for learning and performing a motor skill
Research studies have consistently shown that external focus of attention is better for learning and performing a motor skill. When individuals focus on the outcome or the external environment, they tend to have more automatic and efficient movements, better control, and improved performance compared to those who focus internally on their own movements.
C) Effects of external focus of attention
The benefits of external focus of attention are thought to occur due to the way our brains process information and control movement. By focusing externally, individuals can tap into the natural movement control systems of the brain, allowing for more automated and fluid motions. External focus also helps reduce the tendency for overthinking and excessive muscle activation, leading to smoother and more accurate movements.