Final answer:
Lispro insulin has an onset of ∼15 minutes, peaks in 1 to 2 hours, and lasts 4 to 5 hours. Glargine insulin maintains a steady level of insulin over approximately 24 hours without a traditional peak.
Step-by-step explanation:
Matching the insulin onset, peak, and duration with the appropriate time frame for Lispro and Glargine insulins involves understanding their pharmacokinetics. Lispro is a rapid-acting insulin with an onset of approximately ∼15 minutes after injection, meaning it starts to work quickly to reduce blood glucose levels. It peaks in about 1 to 2 hours, and its effects last for about 4 to 5 hours in total. Glargine, on the other hand, is a long-acting insulin. Its onset is more gradual, and it does not have a traditional peak like rapid or short-acting insulins. The duration of action for Glargine is approximately 24 hours, and it is designed to provide a steady level of insulin in the body throughout the day.
When managing diabetes mellitus, particularly insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), it is crucial to match the type of insulin to the patient's needs in order to maintain normal blood glucose levels and reduce the risk of hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia. Insulin therapy is tailored based on the individual's glucose monitoring and response to insulin.